What Happened On January 23

10 odd things that happened on January 23

• 
  1789 Oddly true

  Bishop John Carroll purchased a plot of land that would become the home of the future Georgetown University, the oldest Catholic university in the United States.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1570 First ever

  James Hamilton killed James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, in the first recorded assassination of a head of government using a firearm.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1789 First ever

  Georgetown College, the first Catholic university in the United States, is founded in Georgetown, Maryland (now a part of Washington, D.C.) when Bishop John Carroll, Rev. Robert Molyneux, and Rev. John Ashton purchase land for the proposed academy for the education of youth.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  2003 Oddly true

  A very weak signal from Pioneer 10 is detected for the last time, but no usable data can be extracted.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1920 Weird

  The Netherlands refuses to surrender the exiled Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1849 First ever

  Elizabeth Blackwell (pictured) graduated from Geneva Medical College in New York, making her the first woman to receive a medical degree in the United States.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1899 First ever

  The Malolos Constitution is inaugurated, establishing the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo is sworn in as its first president.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1849 First ever

  Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her M.D. by the Geneva Medical College of Geneva, New York, becoming the United States' first female doctor.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  1656 First ever

  Blaise Pascal publishes the first of his Lettres provinciales.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

• 
  971 Oddly true

  Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao.

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  Source: Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 4.0

Observed today

• Bounty Day (Pitcairn Islands)
• Christian feast day: Abakuh
• Christian feast day: Marianne of Molokai
• Christian feast day: Emerentiana
• Christian feast day: Espousals of the Blessed Virgin Mary
• Christian feast day: Ildefonsus of Toledo
• Christian feast day: Phillips Brooks (Episcopal Church (USA))
• Christian feast day: January 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
• Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose's Jayanti (Assam, Orissa, Tripura, and West Bengal, India)
• World Freedom Day (Taiwan and South Korea)

• 2024Northwestern Air Flight 738 crashes after takeoff from Fort Smith Airport, Northwest Territories, Canada, killing six people. Wikipedia →
• 2022Mutinying Burkinabè soldiers led by Paul-Henri Sandaogo Damiba depose and detain President Roch Marc Christian Kaboré amid widespread anti-government protests. Wikipedia →
• 2018A 7.9 Mw earthquake occurs in the Gulf of Alaska. It is tied as the sixth-largest earthquake ever recorded in the United States, but there are no reports of significant damage or fatalities. Wikipedia →
• 2018A double car bombing in Benghazi, Libya, kills at least 33 people and wounds "dozens" of others. The victims include both military personnel and civilians, according to local officials. Wikipedia →
• 2018The China–United States trade war begins when President Donald Trump places tariffs on Chinese solar panels and washing machines. Wikipedia →
• 2003A very weak signal from Pioneer 10 is detected for the last time, but no usable data can be extracted. Wikipedia →
• 2002U.S. journalist Daniel Pearl is kidnapped in Karachi, Pakistan and subsequently murdered. Wikipedia →
• 2001Five people attempt to set themselves on fire in Beijing's Tiananmen Square, an act that many people later claim is staged by the Chinese Communist Party to frame Falun Gong and thus escalate their persecution. Wikipedia →
• 1998Netscape announces Mozilla, with the intention to release Communicator code as open source. Wikipedia →
• 1997Madeleine Albright becomes the first woman to serve as United States Secretary of State. Wikipedia →
• 1987Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan sends a "letter of death" to Somali President Siad Barre, proposing the genocide of the Isaaq people. Wikipedia →
• 1986The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inducts its first members: Little Richard, Chuck Berry, James Brown, Ray Charles, Sam Cooke, Fats Domino, The Everly Brothers, Buddy Holly, Jerry Lee Lewis and Elvis Presley. Wikipedia →
• 1982World Airways Flight 30 overshoots the runway at Logan International Airport in Boston, Massachusetts, and crashes into Boston Harbor. Two people are missing and presumed dead. Wikipedia →
• 1968USS Pueblo (AGER-2) is attacked and seized by the Korean People's Navy. Wikipedia →
• 1967Diplomatic relations between the Soviet Union and Ivory Coast are established. Wikipedia →
• 1967Milton Keynes (England) is founded as a new town by Order in Council, with a planning brief to become a city of 250,000 people. Its initial designated area enclosed three existing towns and twenty-one villages. The area to be developed was largely farmland, with evidence of continuous settlement dating back to the Bronze Age. Wikipedia →
• 1964The 24th Amendment to the United States Constitution, prohibiting the use of poll taxes in national elections, is ratified. Wikipedia →
• 1963The Guinea-Bissau War of Independence officially begins when PAIGC guerrilla fighters attack the Portuguese Army stationed in Tite. Wikipedia →
• 1960The bathyscaphe USS Trieste breaks a depth record by descending to 10,911 metres (35,797 ft) in the Pacific Ocean. Wikipedia →
• 1958After a general uprising and rioting in the streets, President Marcos Pérez Jiménez leaves Venezuela. Wikipedia →
• 1957American inventor Walter Frederick Morrison sells the rights to his flying disc to the Wham-O toy company, which later renames it the "Frisbee". Wikipedia →
• 1950The Knesset resolves that Jerusalem is the capital of Israel. Wikipedia →
• 1945World War II: German admiral Karl Dönitz launches Operation Hannibal, the evacuation of areas along the eastern Baltic coast. Wikipedia →
• 1943World War II: Troops of the British Eighth Army capture Tripoli in Libya from the German–Italian Panzer Army. Wikipedia →
• 1942World War II: The Battle of Rabaul commences Japan's invasion of Australia's Territory of New Guinea. Wikipedia →
• 1941Charles Lindbergh testifies before the U.S. Congress and recommends that the United States negotiate a neutrality pact with Adolf Hitler. Wikipedia →
• 1937The trial of the anti-Soviet Trotskyist center sees seventeen mid-level Communists accused of sympathizing with Leon Trotsky and plotting to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime. Wikipedia →
• 1922The first successful treatment with insulin is given to 14-year-old diabetic Leonard Thompson. Wikipedia →
• 1920The Netherlands refuses to surrender the exiled Kaiser Wilhelm II of Germany to the Allies. Wikipedia →
• 1919The First Regional Congress of Peasants, Workers and Insurgents is held by the Makhnovshchina at Velykomykhailivka. Wikipedia →
• 1912The First International Opium Convention is signed at The Hague. Wikipedia →
• 1909RMS Republic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day. Wikipedia →
• 1904Ålesund Fire: The Norwegian coastal town Ålesund is devastated by fire, leaving 10,000 people homeless and one person dead. Kaiser Wilhelm II funds the rebuilding of the town in Jugendstil style. Wikipedia →
• 1900Second Boer War: The Battle of Spion Kop between the forces of the South African Republic and the Orange Free State and British forces ends in a British defeat. Wikipedia →
• 1899The Malolos Constitution is inaugurated, establishing the First Philippine Republic. Emilio Aguinaldo is sworn in as its first president. Wikipedia →
• 1879Anglo-Zulu War: The Battle of Rorke's Drift ends. Wikipedia →
• 1870In Montana, U.S. cavalrymen kill 173 Native Americans, mostly women and children, in what becomes known as the Marias Massacre. Wikipedia →
• 1849Elizabeth Blackwell is awarded her M.D. by the Geneva Medical College of Geneva, New York, becoming the United States' first female doctor. Wikipedia →
• 1846Slavery in Tunisia is abolished. Wikipedia →
• 1795After crossing the frozen Zuiderzee, the French cavalry capture 14 Dutch ships and 850 guns, in a rare occurrence of surrender of naval vessels to land forces. Wikipedia →
• 1793Second Partition of Poland. Wikipedia →
• 1789Georgetown College, the first Catholic university in the United States, is founded in Georgetown, Maryland (now a part of Washington, D.C.) when Bishop John Carroll, Rev. Robert Molyneux, and Rev. John Ashton purchase land for the proposed academy for the education of youth. Wikipedia →
• 1755Moscow University is established (12 January 1755 O.S.). Wikipedia →
• 1719The Principality of Liechtenstein is created within the Holy Roman Empire. Wikipedia →
• 1656Blaise Pascal publishes the first of his Lettres provinciales. Wikipedia →
• 1579The Union of Utrecht forms a Protestant republic in the Netherlands. Wikipedia →
• 1571The Royal Exchange opens in London. Wikipedia →
• 1570James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent for the infant King James VI of Scotland, is assassinated by firearm, the first recorded instance of such. Wikipedia →
• 1565The Deccan Sultanates defeat Rama Raya of the Vijayanagara Empire at the Battle of Talikota, resulting in over 100,000 casualties and the destruction of the capital Vijayanagara. Wikipedia →
• 1556The deadliest earthquake in history, the Shaanxi earthquake, hits Shaanxi province, China. The death toll may have been as high as 830,000. Wikipedia →
• 1546Having published nothing for eleven years, François Rabelais publishes the Tiers Livre, his sequel to Gargantua and Pantagruel. Wikipedia →
• 1368Zhu Yuanzhang proclaims himself the Hongwu Emperor, beginning the Ming dynasty. Wikipedia →
• 1264In the conflict between King Henry III of England and his rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, King Louis IX of France issues the Mise of Amiens, a one-sided decision in favour of Henry that later leads to the Second Barons' War. Wikipedia →
• 1229The episcopal seat is moved from Nousiainen to Koroinen (located near the current centre of Turku) by the permission of Pope Gregory IX. The date is starting to be considered as the founding of Turku. Wikipedia →
• 971Using crossbows, Song dynasty troops soundly defeat a war elephant corps of the Southern Han at Shao. Wikipedia →
• 393Roman emperor Theodosius I proclaims his eight-year-old son Honorius co-emperor. Wikipedia →